射电天文研究室知识库

在空间低频引力波探测技术中,使用地面跟踪站对深空探测器的高精度微波多普勒测量方法已经有40多年的发展历史.在嫦娥-3着陆探测延寿拓展任务中,使用自主研发的行星无线电接收机实现了亚毫周精度的月球微波测距技术验证.进一步使用X波段地-月测距原始测量数据检验了扣除地球大气抖动、电离层扰动、地面设备热噪声、地-月间行星际等离子体效应的更高测量精度的微波差分测距测速方法,并提出了用于嫦娥-4任务四程与双程差分高精度测量的方案,作为先导技术验证.在此基础上,结合月球着陆器和地-月L4/L5平动点通信导航卫星之间的微波链路,提出了一种10~(-17)-10~(-19)感度的差分四程链路的低频引力波空间微波探测的新概念方法,有机会比目前的深空多普勒链路感度提高1-3个量级.

In the field of space low-frequency gravitational-wave detection, the high-precision microwave Doppler measurement based on the ground tracking station has been performed for more than 40 years. During the extension phase of Chang’E-3 lander, lunar microwave ranging technology of sub-millicycle accuracy was realized based on the independent development planetary radio receiver. Then use the raw data of lunar-earth ranging measurement in X-band, after the deduction of the earth atmospheric aberration, ionospheric disturbance, ground equipment thermal noise and the interplanetary plasma influence, the microwave differential ranging and velocity measurement of higher accuracy was verified. Using this technology, a scheme which is using differential ranging and velocity measurement in Chang’E-4 2-way and 4-way measurement is proposed as a precursor technology. On these bases, using the microwave link of Chang’E-3 lander and the communication navigation satellite in L4 / L5 libration point, a new method of low-frequency gravitational-wave detection, which has the sensitivity of 10–17–10–19, is suggested.