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Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign
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2021-04-01
Source PublicationThe Astrophysical Journal
ISSN0004-637X
Volume911Pages:L11
Contribution Rank232
AbstractIn 2017, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration succeeded in capturing the first direct image of the center of the M87 galaxy. The asymmetric ring morphology and size are consistent with theoretical expectations for a weakly accreting supermassive black hole of mass ∼6.5 × 109M⊙. The EHTC also partnered with several international facilities in space and on the ground, to arrange an extensive, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength campaign. This Letter presents the results and analysis of this campaign, as well as the multi-wavelength data as a legacy data repository. We captured M87 in a historically low state, and the core flux dominates over HST-1 at high energies, making it possible to combine core flux constraints with the more spatially precise very long baseline interferometry data. We present the most complete simultaneous multi-wavelength spectrum of the active nucleus to date, and discuss the complexity and caveats of combining data from different spatial scales into one broadband spectrum. We apply two heuristic, isotropic leptonic single-zone models to provide insight into the basic source properties, but conclude that a structured jet is necessary to explain M87's spectrum. We can exclude that the simultaneous γ-ray emission is produced via inverse Compton emission in the same region producing the EHT mm-band emission, and further conclude that the γ-rays can only be produced in the inner jets (inward of HST-1) if there are strongly particle-dominated regions. Direct synchrotron emission from accelerated protons and secondaries cannot yet be excluded.
KeywordActive galactic nuclei Radio cores Low-luminosity active galactic nuclei High energy astrophysics Astrophysical black holes Accretion Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
DOI10.3847/2041-8213/abef71
URL查看原文
Indexed BySCI
Language英语
WOS IDWOS:000746900400001
Citation statistics
Cited Times:38[WOS]   [WOS Record]     [Related Records in WOS]
Document Type期刊论文
Identifierhttp://ir.xao.ac.cn/handle/45760611-7/4727
Collection射电天文研究室_星系宇宙学研究团组
射电天文研究室_脉冲星研究团组
科研仪器设备产出_利用南山26米射电望远镜（NSRT）观测数据的文章
Affiliation1.Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
2.Department of Physics, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA;
3.Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, AS/NTU No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
4.Yale Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, 52 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;
5.Department of Physics, Yale University, P.O. Box 2018120, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
6.Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
7.Department of Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan;
8.Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan;
9.525 Davey Laboratory, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
10.INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, Via P. Gobetti, 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy;
11.Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
12.Leiden Observatory—Allegro, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
13.Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montréal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada;
14.McGill Space Institute, McGill University, 3550 University Street, Montréal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada;
15.Institute for Astrophysical Research, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
16.Astronomical Institute, St. Petersburg University, Universitetskij Pr. 28, Petrodvorets, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia;
17.Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan;
18.Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
19.Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daedeok-daero 776, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea;
20.Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany;
21.National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan;
22.Kogakuin University of Technology & Engineering, Academic Support Center, 2665-1 Nakano, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan;
23.Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky per. 9, Moscow region, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia;
24.Astro Space Center, Lebedev Physical Institute, Profsouznaya 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia;
25.Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China;
26.Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People’s Republic of China;
27.API—Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
28.GRAPPA—Gravitation and AstroParticle Physics Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
29.Physics Department, Washington University CB 1105, St Louis, MO 63130, USA;
30.Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
31.Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
32.Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;
33.Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;
34.Astronomy Department, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile;
35.University of Michigan, 1085 S. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
36.Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan;
37.Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia;
38.Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Science, Nizhnii Arkhyz 369167, Russia;
39.Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory, 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA;
40.Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University, 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
41.Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain;
42.Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA;
43.Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica, Universitat de València, C. Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain;
44.Observatori Astronòmic, Universitat de València, C. Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, València, Spain;
45.Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
46.East Asian Observatory, 660 N. A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA;
47.Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA;
48.Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
49.Nederlandse Onderzoekschool voor Astronomie (NOVA), P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
50.California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA;
51.Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, 645 N. A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA;
52.Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique, 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France;
53.Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, ON, N2L 2Y5, Canada;
54.Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada;
55.Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada;
56.University of Science and Technology, Gajeong-ro 217, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;
57.Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
58.Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5720 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
59.Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
60.Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;
61.Data Science Institute, University of Arizona, 1230 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
62.Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
63.Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
64.Physics Department, Fairfield University, 1073 North Benson Road, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA;
65.Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden;
66.Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
67.Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA;
68.Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Pancini”, Universitá di Napoli “Federico II,” Compl. Univ. di Monte S. Angelo, Edificio G, Via Cinthia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy;
69.INFN Sez. di Napoli, Compl. Univ. di Monte S. Angelo, Edificio G, Via Cinthia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy;
70.Wits Centre for Astrophysics, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
71.Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
72.Centre for Radio Astronomy Techniques and Technologies, Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa;
73.LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France;
74.JILA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA;
75.National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China;
76.University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
77.National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA;
78.Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
79.Department of History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
80.Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
81.Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
82.Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
83.CP3-Origins, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark;
84.Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica. Apartado Postal 51 y 216, 72000. Puebla Pue., México;
85.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, 03940, Ciudad de México, México;
86.Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China;
87.NOVA Sub-mm Instrumentation Group, Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Landleven 12, 9747 AD Groningen, The Netherlands;
88.Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China;
89.Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China;
90.Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
91.The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8562, Japan;
92.Department of Statistical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8562, Japan;
93.Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8583, Japan;
94.Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE), Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands;
95.Physics Department, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70, Lien-Hai Rd, Kaosiung City 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C;
96.National Optical Astronomy Observatory, 950 North Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA;
97.Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China;
98.School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China;
99.Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China;
100.Italian ALMA Regional Centre, INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia, Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy;
101.Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sect.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C;
102.Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia 58089, México;
103.Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx 04510, México;
104.Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650011 Kunming, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China;
105.Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People’s Republic of China;
106.Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650011 Kunming, People’s Republic of China;
107.School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, 1 Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA;
108.Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China;
109.National Institute of Technology, Hachinohe College, 16-1 Uwanotai, Tamonoki, Hachinohe City, Aomori 039-1192, Japan;
110.Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, 01003, Amherst, MA, USA;
111.South African Radio Astronomy Observatory, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa;
112.Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, GR 15783 Zografos, Greece;
113.Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada;
114.Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada;
115.Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 180 Dundas St West, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada;
116.Radio Astronomy Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
117.Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Sec. 4, Tingzhou Rd., Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
118.Institut für Theoretische Physik, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
119.Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Ruth-Moufang-Strasse 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
120.School of Mathematics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland;
121.Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;
122.Instituto de Radioastronomía Milimétrica, IRAM, Avenida Divina Pastora 7, Local 20, E-18012, Granada, Spain;
123.Aalto University Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, PL 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland;
124.Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Metsähovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmälä, Finland;
125.Department of Astronomy, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea;
126.Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), Postbus 93138, 2509 AC Den Haag, The Netherlands;
127.Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan;
128.Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan;
129.Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Postbus 2300, 9513 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
130.Jeremiah Horrocks Institute, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK;
131.Physics Department, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA;
132.School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People’s Republic of China;
133.Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK;
134.School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China;
135.Astronomy Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China;
136.Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France;
137.Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 31 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2, Ireland;
138.Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany;
139.High Energy Astrophysics Laboratory, RAU, 123 Hovsep Emin St Yerevan 0051, Armenia;
140.Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France;
141.Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France;
142.University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK;
143.IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
144.University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek 10005, Namibia;
145.Instytut Fizyki Ja̧drowej PAN, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
146.DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;
147.Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, ul. Orla 171, 30-244 Kraków, Poland;
148.Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linnaeus University, SE-351 95 Växjö, Sweden;
149.Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, Sand 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany;
150.Laboratoire Univers et Théories, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-92190 Meudon, France;
151.Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, LPNHE, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France;
152.GRAPPA, Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
153.Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany;
154.Astronomical Observatory, The University of Warsaw, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland;
155.School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, 2050 South Africa;
156.Université Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France;
157.School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia;
158.Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany;
159.Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France;
160.Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK;
161.Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland;
162.Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24/25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany;
163.Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, CC 72, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;
164.Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;
165.Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
166.Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany;
167.Institute of Astronomy, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
168.Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan;
169.Department of Physics, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa;
170.Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
171.Yerevan Physics Institute, 2 Alikhanian Brothers St., 375036 Yerevan, Armenia;
172.Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8583, Japan;
173.Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Dpto. Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;
174.Università di Udine and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy;
175.National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy;
176.ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
177.Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain;
178.Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan;
179.Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany;
180.Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
181.IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
182.Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), 22290-180 URCA, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil;
183.University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
184.Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy;
185.Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;
186.Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy;
187.INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Torino and Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy;
188.Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany;
189.Università di Pisa and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy;
190.Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;
191.Armenian MAGIC Group: A. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory, Armenia;
192.Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
193.INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy;
194.Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
195.Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany;
196.Finnish MAGIC Group: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland;
197.Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
198.Armenian MAGIC Group: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, Armenia;
199.Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture (FESB), 21000 Split, Croatia;
200.Croatian MAGIC Group: Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Physics, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
201.Japanese MAGIC Group: RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;
202.Japanese MAGIC Group: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan;
203.Japanese MAGIC Group: Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan;
204.Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Salt Lake, Sector-1, Kolkata 700064, India;
205.Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria;
206.Finnish MAGIC Group: Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland;
207.Croatian MAGIC Group: Ruÿder Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
208.INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;
209.INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy;
210.Department of Physics and Astronomy, Barnard College, Columbia University, NY 10027, USA;
211.Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA;
212.Physics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307, USA;
213.Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
214.Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA;
215.School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland;
216.Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
217.School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
218.Department of Physics, California State University—East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA;
219.School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430, USA;
220.DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;
221.Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA;
222.Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
223.Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA;
224.Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
225.Department of Physics and Astronomy, DePauw University, Greencastle, IN 46135-0037, USA;
226.Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
227.School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland;
228.Institute of Particle and Cosmos Physics, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
229.Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
230.Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany and DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;
231.Department of Physical Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland;
232.Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, People’s Republic of China;
233.Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan;
234.Center for Astronomy, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan;
235.EACOA Fellow;
236.For questions concerning EHT results contact;
237.NASA Hubble Fellowship Program, Einstein Fellow;
238.UKRI Stephen Hawking Fellow;
239.Now at University of Innsbruck;
240.Also at Port d’Informació Científica (PIC) E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain;
241.Also at Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;
242.Also at INAF Trieste and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714		 Algaba, J. C.,Anczarski, J.,Asada, K.,et al. Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign[J]. The Astrophysical Journal,2021,911:L11.
APA Algaba, J. C..,Anczarski, J..,Asada, K..,Baloković, M..,Chandra, S..,...&Yonekura, Yoshinori.(2021).Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign.The Astrophysical Journal,911,L11.
MLA Algaba, J. C.,et al."Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign".The Astrophysical Journal 911(2021):L11.
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