KMS of Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, CAS
| QTT天文观测软件系统协调中心的研究和设计 | |
| Alternative Title | Research and Design of QTT Astronomical Observation Software System Coordination Center |
李军
| |
| Subtype | 博士 |
| Thesis Advisor | 王娜 |
| 2021-06-01 | |
| Degree Grantor | 中国科学院大学 |
| Place of Conferral | 北京 |
| Degree Name | 理学博士 |
| Degree Discipline | 天文技术与方法 |
| Keyword | 奇台射电望远镜 天文观测软件系统 协调中心 系统架构 |
| Abstract | 奇台射电望远镜（QTT）是一架口径为110米的全向可转动望远镜，具有波段覆盖范围宽、科学目标广的特点。QTT建成后将满足脉冲星、分子谱线、星系核和星系结构、宇宙暗物质和结构形成、各类巡天、VLBI及深空探测等科学目标的观测需求。为了满足这些科学目标观测，QTT的硬件设备具有分布范围广、软件逻辑功能复杂等特点。其中，QTT的天线、接收机、终端、时间与频率等子系统使用的软件采用不同技术，这些技术主要包括运行平台、编程语言、通讯接口等。针对平台、编程语言、网络的异构性，本文提出一款以协调中心为核心的天文观测软件系统，并对协调中心进行重点研究和设计，主要包括以下方面：(1) 设计和分析天文观测软件系统：通过分析QTT的科学需求和应用需求，设计一款多功能、复杂的控制软件，能连接、集成和管理QTT的硬件、操作系统、平台等。在设计天文观测软件系统之前，不仅需要考虑子系统的运行环境及其异构性，还需要融入现代软件系统的理论和方法。其中，天文观测软件系统使用的理论主要包括层级架构、面向服务架构、领域驱动设计，使用的设计方法和工具主要为设计模式、中间件、序列化工具。天文观测软件系统的研究和设计包括两方面，首先，分析国内外射电望远镜天文观测软件系统及其架构，总结出射电望远镜天文观测软件系统使用基于中间件框架的分布式架构构建；其次，剖析QTT天文观测软件系统及其架构、工作流程，并对主要子系统进行分析。(2) 研究和设计协调中心：协调中心是天文观测软件系统的核心，不仅能协同、管理QTT的天线、接收机、终端、传感器、软件等软硬件子系统，还能在高精度观测中实时校准、调整硬件设备。在设计协调中心时需满足QTT子系统之间的消息传输，消息传输的效率、实时性和可靠性等，同时对协调中心架构和流程进行研究和设计。协调中心架构结合SOA的企业服务总线、层级架构、中间件构建，以满足QTT子系统之间的消息传输，这些消息主要包括控制信息、反馈信息、监视参数、日志数据和配置数据。通过分析协调中心的需求，其架构设计主要包括以下方面：首先，概述主流射电望远镜天文观测软件系统协调中心架构的研究现状；其次，分析协调中心的观测流程；最后，初步设计协调中心架构做，并分析和设计协调中心的主要功能模块。(3) 研究和设计协调中心模块：这些模块主要包括核心服务、用户交互、信息、用户管理、配置等模块，以及各模块之间的接口，并对这些模块进行设计。在协调中心模块设计中，只需将各模块进行有效地研究和分析才能设计出优良的协调中心，并最终设计功能完善的天文观测软件系统。综上所述，本文研究天文观测软件系统、协调中心及其架构、模块的设计。通过调研国内外的射电望远镜天文观测软件系统及其中包含的协调中心的特点，建立天文观测软件系统架构和协调中心架构。协调中心架构结合SOA的企业服务总线、领域驱动设计和层级架构构建，同时设计协调中心的主要功能模块，定义模块之间的关系，并运用设计模式使该架构更加灵活，确保QTT在天文观测中具有灵活性、扩展性、稳定性等特性。 |
| Other Abstract | Qitai Radio Telescope (QTT) is a fully steerable antenna with a diameter of 110 meters, which has the characteristics of wide band coverage and wide scientific targets. After QTT is completed, it will meet the observation needs of pulsars, molecular lines, galaxy nuclei and galaxy structures, cosmic dark matter and structure formation, various sky surveys, VLBI and deep space exploration. In order to meet these scientific objective observations, QTT's hardware equipment has the characteristics of wide distribution and complex software logic functions. Among them, the software used in QTT's antenna, receiver, terminal, time and frequency subsystems uses different technologies. These technologies mainly include operating platforms, programming languages, and communication interfaces. Aiming at the heterogeneity of platforms, programming languages, and networks, this paper proposes an astronomical observation software system with a coordination center as the core, and focuses on the research and design of the coordination center, which mainly includes the following aspects:(1) Design and analysis of astronomical observation software system: By analyzing the scientific requirements and application requirements of QTT, a multi-functional and complex control software is designed that can connect, integrate and manage the hardware, operating system, and platform of QTT. Before designing an astronomical observation software system, not only the operating environment and heterogeneity of the subsystems need to be considered, but also the theories and methods of modern software systems need to be integrated. Among them, the theories used in the astronomical observation software system mainly include hierarchical architecture, service-oriented architecture, and domain-driven design. The design methods and tools used are mainly design patterns, middleware, and serialization tools. The research and design of the astronomical observation software system includes two aspects. First, the astronomical observation software system and its architecture of radio telescopes at home and abroad are analyzed, and the astronomical observation software system of radio telescopes is constructed using a distributed architecture based on the middleware framework. Secondly, analyze the QTT astronomical observation software system and its architecture and workflow, and analyze the main subsystems.(2) Research and design coordination center: the coordination center is the core of the astronomical observation software system. It can not only coordinate and manage the QTT antennas, receivers, terminals, sensors, software and other software and hardware subsystems, but also calibrate and adjust hardware equipment in high-precision observations in real time. When designing the coordination center, it is necessary to meet the message transmission between QTT subsystems, the efficiency, real-time and reliability of message transmission, etc. At the same time, the coordination center architecture and process are studied and designed. The coordination center architecture combines SOA's enterprise service bus, hierarchical architecture, and middleware construction to meet the message transmission between QTT subsystems. These messages mainly include control information, feedback information, monitoring parameters, log data, and configuration data. By analyzing the needs of the coordination center, its architecture design mainly includes the following aspects: First, outline the current research status of the coordination center architecture of the mainstream radio telescope astronomical observation software system; secondly, analyze the observation process of the coordination center; finally, make a preliminary design of the coordination center structure, and analyze and design the main functional modules of the coordination center.(3) Research and design coordination center modules: These modules mainly include core services, user interaction, information, user management, configuration and other modules, as well as the interfaces between the modules, and design these modules. In the design of the coordination center module, only effective research and analysis of each module is required to design a good coordination center, and finally design a fully functional astronomical observation software system.In summary, this article studies the design of astronomical observation software system, coordination center and its architecture and modules. By investigating the astronomical observation software system of radio telescopes at home and abroad and the characteristics of the coordination center contained in it, the astronomical observation software system architecture and the coordination center architecture are established. The coordination center architecture combines SOA's enterprise service bus, domain-driven design and hierarchical architecture construction. At the same time, it designs the main functional modules of the coordination center, defines the relationship between the modules, and uses design patterns to make the architecture more flexible to ensure that QTT is used in astronomical observations. It has the characteristics of flexibility, scalability, stability and so on. |
| Pages | 122 |
| Language | 中文 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.xao.ac.cn/handle/45760611-7/4734 |
| Collection | 研究生学位论文 |
| Affiliation | 中国科学院新疆天文台 |
| First Author Affilication | Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 李军. QTT天文观测软件系统协调中心的研究和设计[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学,2021. |
| Files in This Item: | ||||||
| File Name/Size | DocType | Version | Access | License | ||
| QTT天文观测软件系统协调中心的研究和设（4761KB） | 学位论文 | 暂不开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | Application Full Text | ||
Items in the repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.
Edit Comment