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| ALCHEMI Finds a "Shocking" Carbon Footprint in the Starburst Galaxy NGC 253 | |
| Harada, Nanase1,2; Martin, Sergio3,4; Mangum, Jeffrey G.5; Sakamoto, Kazushi6; Muller, Sebastien7; Rivilla, Victor M.8; Henkel, Christian9,10,11; Meier, David S.12,13; Colzi, Laura8; Yamagishi, Mitsuyoshi14; Tanaka, Kunihiko15; Nakanishi, Kouichiro1,2; Herrero-Illana, Ruben3,16; Yoshimura, Yuki14; Humire, P. K.9; Aladro, Rebeca9; van der Werf, Paul P.17; Emig, Kimberly L.5 | |
| 2022-10-01 | |
| Source Publication | Astrophysical Journal
 |
| ISSN | 0004-637X |
| Volume | 938Issue:1Pages:1580 |
| Contribution Rank | 11 |
| Abstract | The centers of starburst galaxies may be characterized by a specific gas and ice chemistry due to their gas dynamics and the presence of various ice desorption mechanisms. This may result in a peculiar observable composition. We analyse the abundances of CO2, a reliable tracer of ice chemistry, from data collected as part of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array large program ALCHEMI, a wide-frequency spectral scan toward the starburst galaxy NGC 253 with an angular resolution of 1.'' 6. We constrain the CO2 abundances in the gas phase using its protonated form HOCO+. The distribution of HOCO+ is similar to that of methanol, which suggests that HOCO+ is indeed produced from the protonation of CO2 sublimated from ice. The HOCO+ fractional abundances are found to be (1-2) x 10(-9) at the outer part of the central molecular zone (CMZ), while they are lower (similar to 10(-10)) near the kinematic center. This peak fractional abundance at the outer CMZ is comparable to that in the Milky Way CMZ, and orders of magnitude higher than that in Galactic disk, star-forming regions. From the range of HOCO+/CO2 ratios suggested from chemical models, the gas-phase CO2 fractional abundance is estimated to be (1-20) x 10(-7) at the outer CMZ, and orders of magnitude lower near the center. We estimate the CO2 ice fractional abundances at the outer CMZ to be (2-5) x 10(-6) from the literature. A comparison between the ice and gas CO2 abundances suggests an efficient sublimation mechanism. This sublimation is attributed to large-scale shocks at the orbital intersections of the bar and CMZ. |
| Keyword | star-formation molecular-spectroscopy cologne database nearby galaxies line emission gas chemistry evolution abundance hoco+ Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| Subtype | Article |
| DOI | 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8dfc |
| Indexed By | SCI |
| Language | 英语 |
| WOS ID | WOS:000868171700001 |
| Citation statistics | |
| Document Type | 期刊论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.xao.ac.cn/handle/45760611-7/5133 |
| Collection | 射电天文研究室_恒星形成与演化研究团组 |
| Affiliation | 1.National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; 2.Department of Astronomy, School of Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-1855 Japan; 3.European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Córdova, 3107, Vitacura, Santiago 763-0355, Chile; 4.Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova, 3107, Vitacura, Santiago 763-0355, Chile; 5.National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA, 22903-2475, USA; 6.Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; 7.Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala, Sweden; 8.Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Ctra. de Ajalvir Km. 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain; 9.Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; 10.Astronomy Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; 11.Xinjinag Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011 Urumqi, Peopleʼs Republic of China; 12.New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA; 13.National Radio Astronomy Observatory, PO Box O, 1003 Lopezville Road, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA; 14.Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan; 15.Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223–8522 Japan; 16.Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Magrans, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain; 17.Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Harada, Nanase,Martin, Sergio,Mangum, Jeffrey G.,et al. ALCHEMI Finds a "Shocking" Carbon Footprint in the Starburst Galaxy NGC 253[J]. Astrophysical Journal,2022,938(1):1580. |
| APA | Harada, Nanase.,Martin, Sergio.,Mangum, Jeffrey G..,Sakamoto, Kazushi.,Muller, Sebastien.,...&Emig, Kimberly L..(2022).ALCHEMI Finds a "Shocking" Carbon Footprint in the Starburst Galaxy NGC 253.Astrophysical Journal,938(1),1580. |
| MLA | Harada, Nanase,et al."ALCHEMI Finds a "Shocking" Carbon Footprint in the Starburst Galaxy NGC 253".Astrophysical Journal 938.1(2022):1580. |
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| File Name/Size | DocType | Version | Access | License | ||
| Harada-2022-ALCHEMI （2763KB） | 期刊论文 | 出版稿 | 开放获取 | CC BY-NC-SA | View Application Full Text | |
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