XAO OpenIR
ATLASGAL: 3 mm class I methanol masers in high-mass star formation regions*
Yang, W.1; Gong, Y.1; Menten, K. M.1; Urquhart, J. S.2; Henkel, C.1,3,4; Wyrowski, F.1; Csengeri, T.5; Ellingsen, S. P.6; Bemis, A. R.7; Jang, J.1
2023-07-07
Source PublicationASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
ISSN0004-6361
Volume675Pages:A112
Contribution Rank4
AbstractContext. Class I methanol masers are known to be associated with shocked outflow regions around massive protostars, indicating a possible link between the maser properties and those of their host clumps. Aims. The main goals of this study are (1) to search for new class I methanol masers, (2) to statistically study the relationship between class I masers and shock tracers, (3) to compare the properties between class I masers and their host clumps, also as a function of their evolutionary stage, and (4) to constrain the physical conditions that excite multiple class I masers simultaneously. Methods. We analysed the 3 mm wavelength spectral line survey of 408 clumps identified by the APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL), which were observed with the IRAM 30-meter telescope, focusing on the class I methanol masers with frequencies near 84, 95, and 104.3 GHz. Results. We detect narrow maser-like features towards 54, 100, and 4 sources in the maser lines near 84, 95, and 104.3 GHz, respectively. Among them, 50 masers at 84 GHz, 29 masers at 95 GHz, and 4 rare masers at 104.3 GHz are new discoveries. The new detections increase the number of known 104.3 GHz masers from five to nine. The 95 GHz class I methanol maser is generally stronger than the 84 GHz maser counterpart. We find nine sources showing class I methanol masers, but no SiO emission, indicating that class I methanol masers might be the only signpost of protostellar outflow activity in extremely embedded objects at the earliest evolutionary stage. Class I methanol masers that are associated with sources that show SiO line wings are more numerous and stronger than those without such wings. The total integrated intensity of class I methanol masers is well correlated with the integrated intensity and velocity coverage of the SiO (2-1) emission. The properties of class I methanol masers are positively correlated with the bolometric luminosity, clump mass, and peak H-2 column density of their associated clumps, but are uncorrelated with the luminosity-to-mass ratio, dust temperature, and mean H-2 volume density. Conclusions. We suggest that the properties of class I masers are related to shocks traced by SiO. Based on our observations, we conclude that class I methanol masers at 84 and 95 GHz can trace a similar evolutionary stage to the H2O maser, and appear prior to 6.7 and 12.2 GHz methanol and OH masers. Despite their small number, the 104.3 GHz class I masers appear to trace a shorter and more evolved stage compared to the other class I masers.
Keywordmasers stars: formation ISM: molecules radio lines: ISM
DOI10.1051/0004-6361/202346227
Indexed BySCI
Language英语
WOS KeywordEXTENDED GREEN OBJECTS ; COMPACT SOURCE CATALOG ; FOLLOW-UP CATALOG ; METHYL-ALCOHOL ; DENSE GAS ; CLUMPS ; OUTFLOW ; GALAXY ; WATER ; LINE
WOS Research AreaAstronomy & Astrophysics
WOS SubjectAstronomy & Astrophysics
WOS IDWOS:001030296600013
PublisherEDP SCIENCES S A
Citation statistics
Cited Times:6[WOS]   [WOS Record]     [Related Records in WOS]
Document Type期刊论文
Identifierhttp://ir.xao.ac.cn/handle/45760611-7/5422
Collection中国科学院新疆天文台
射电天文研究室_恒星形成与演化研究团组
Corresponding AuthorYang, W.
Affiliation1.Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
2.Univ Kent, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, England
3.King Abdulaziz Univ, Astron Dept, Fac Sci, POB 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
4.Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Astron Observ, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China
5.Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Bordeaux, B18N Allee Geoffroy St Hilaire, F-33615 Pessac, France
6.Univ Tasmania, Sch Nat Sci, Private Bag 37, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
7.Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
Yang, W.,Gong, Y.,Menten, K. M.,et al. ATLASGAL: 3 mm class I methanol masers in high-mass star formation regions*[J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS,2023,675:A112.
APA Yang, W..,Gong, Y..,Menten, K. M..,Urquhart, J. S..,Henkel, C..,...&Jang, J..(2023).ATLASGAL: 3 mm class I methanol masers in high-mass star formation regions*.ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS,675,A112.
MLA Yang, W.,et al."ATLASGAL: 3 mm class I methanol masers in high-mass star formation regions*".ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS 675(2023):A112.
Files in This Item:
File Name/Size DocType Version Access License
Yang-2023-ATLASGAL_ (2383KB)期刊论文出版稿开放获取CC BY-NC-SAView Application Full Text
Related Services
Recommend this item
Bookmark
Usage statistics
Export to Endnote
Google Scholar
Similar articles in Google Scholar
[Yang, W.]'s Articles
[Gong, Y.]'s Articles
[Menten, K. M.]'s Articles
Baidu academic
Similar articles in Baidu academic
[Yang, W.]'s Articles
[Gong, Y.]'s Articles
[Menten, K. M.]'s Articles
Bing Scholar
Similar articles in Bing Scholar
[Yang, W.]'s Articles
[Gong, Y.]'s Articles
[Menten, K. M.]'s Articles
Terms of Use
No data!
Social Bookmark/Share
File name: Yang-2023-ATLASGAL_ 3 mm class I methanol mase.pdf
Format: Adobe PDF
This file does not support browsing at this time
All comments (0)
No comment.
 

Items in the repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.