射电天文研究室知识库

A feed is a core equipment in radio astronomy． Reliable change and accurate
location of a feed are crucial to the detection of weak radio signals． This paper describes an automatic control system of changing feeds of a 25m large-scale radio telescope based on laser ranging and fuzzy PID． The system has achieved remote control capable of high-frequency positioning，efficient accurate location， real-time data collection， and site monitoring． Besides introducing the configuration of the hardware system，we present the fuzzy PID control algorithm and laser locating technique． Our simulations indicate that the performance of the fuzzy PID controller is better than a conventional PID controller，as the fuzzy PID controller has fast response，small overshoot，and strong robustness，so it can improve the precision and stability of locating a feed with laser．

馈源是天文观测的核心设备,馈源的可靠更换和精确到位对接收微弱的射电信号有着至关重要的意义。以25 m大型射电望远镜为背景,设计了一套基于模糊PID控制的激光定位自动更换馈源控制系统,实现了对高频仓馈源的远程控制、快速精确定位和实时数据采集以及现场监控功能。论文在说明整个系统硬件架构的基础上,详细介绍了采用的模糊PID控制算法以及激光定位技术,仿真结果表明模糊PID算法的控制性能明显优于常规PID控制器,响应快、超调小、鲁棒性强,可提高馈源定位的精度和稳定性。